STROKE

STROKE

A stroke, also known as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, leading to brain cell damage and potentially permanent neurological deficits. Strokes can be classified into two main types: ischemic and hemorrhagic.

Types of Stroke:

  1. Ischemic Stroke:

    • Cause: Occurs due to a blockage (usually a blood clot) within a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain.
    • Symptoms: Sudden onset of weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg (typically on one side of the body), difficulty speaking or understanding speech, and sudden confusion.
  • Treatment: Immediate intervention involves dissolving or removing the clot to restore blood flow, often with thrombolytic medications (like tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) or mechanical thrombectomy.

 

  • Hemorrhagic Stroke:

    • Cause: Results from a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, leading to bleeding and increased pressure on brain tissues.
    • Symptoms: Sudden severe headache, nausea, vomiting, vision changes, and loss of consciousness.
    • Treatment: Focuses on controlling bleeding, reducing pressure in the brain, and stabilizing vital signs. Surgery may be required to repair the blood vessel.

Risk Factors:

  • Modifiable Risk Factors: High blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity.
  • Non-modifiable Risk Factors: Age (over 55), family history of stroke, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), and certain genetic conditions.

Emergency Response:

  • F.A.S.T. Assessment: Recognize stroke symptoms—Facial drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties, Time to call emergency services.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

  • Diagnostic Tests: CT scan or MRI to confirm the type and location of stroke.
  • Immediate Care: Stroke units for specialized care, oxygen therapy, blood pressure management, and monitoring.

Stroke Care 

At Jeev Multispeciality Hospital, we provide prompt and comprehensive care for stroke patients:

Emergency Response:

  • Immediate Assessment: Rapid evaluation and diagnosis to determine the type of stroke and appropriate treatment plan.
  • Stroke Team Activation: Multidisciplinary team including neurologists, neurosurgeons, and critical care specialists.

Treatment Strategies:

  • Ischemic Stroke: Administering thrombolytic therapy within the critical time window or performing mechanical thrombectomy for eligible patients.
  • Hemorrhagic Stroke: Surgical intervention, if necessary, to repair blood vessel abnormalities and reduce bleeding.

Rehabilitation and Recovery:

  • Stroke Units: Specialized units for intensive monitoring and rehabilitation therapies.
  • Physical Therapy: Regaining motor skills and function through tailored rehabilitation programs.

Secondary Prevention:

  • Medication Management: Prescribing medications to manage risk factors like blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels.
  • Lifestyle Modifications: Encouraging healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and ongoing monitoring.

Patient and Family Support:

  • Education and Counseling: Providing information on stroke prevention, recognizing symptoms, and optimizing recovery outcomes.
  • Long-Term Care Planning: Assisting with discharge planning and community resources for continued support.